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Nobel Peace Prize 2018

“I needed to own my own story”

==============================

](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/murad/interview/)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/murad/interview/)[Nadia Murad](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/murad/speedread/) on how society can punish acts of sexual violence in war and why she found it important to speak out about sexual violence.

[Watch the interview](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/murad/interview/)

Fought for sustainable development, democracy and peace.

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2004/maathai/speedread/)

© Knudsens fotosenter/Dextra Photo, Norsk Teknisk Museum.

Campaigned against the conflict between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland.

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1976/corrigan/speedread/)

Mairead Corrigan.

Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.

Courageously opposed the horrors of war.

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1905/suttner/speedread/)

Bertha von Suttner.

Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.

*   66

    awards to women

    [See all Nobel Prize-awarded women](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/nobel-prize-awarded-women/)

*   17

    years old: youngest awarded woman

    [Read more about Malala Yousafzai](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2014/yousafzai/biographical/)

*   87

    years old: oldest awarded woman

    [Read about Doris Lessing](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2007/lessing/biographical/)

2022 chemistry laureate [Carolyn Bertozzi](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/bertozzi/facts/) recruits people from underrepresented groups to her lab. “People have asked me many times over the years: what was the recipe for success for you in your lab? It was very simple. It was diversity,” she says.

[Watch the interview with Carolyn Bertozzi](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/bertozzi/interview/)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2022/bertozzi/interview/)

Carolyn Bertozzi in her laboratory.

Photo: Christopher Michel

2023 Nobel Peace Prize laureate [Narges Mohammadi](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2023/mohammadi/facts/) has so far spent more than ten years in prison and 135 days in solitary confinement. Despite the oppression, she continues to fight for her freedom and human rights for all. Watch Mohammadi’s message ahead of International Women’s Day.

This year marks 80 years since Chilean [Gabriela Mistral](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1945/mistral/facts/) became the first South American to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Working as a teacher from an early age, Mistral started writing poetry after a stormy relationship. She came to play an important role in the educational system in Chile and Mexico.

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1945/mistral/biographical/)

[Carol Greider](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2009/greider/facts/) achieved success in molecular biology in the same way she overcame dyslexia as a child: with persistence and creativity.  

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2009/greider/biographical/)

[Elinor Ostrom](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2009/ostrom/facts/) grew up during the depression, being a poor kid in a rich kid’s school. Despite a lack of support from home, she went to college and later earned a PhD in political science.

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2009/ostrom/biographical/)

[Rosalyn Yalow](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1977/yalow/facts/) was the daughter of immigrants without high school education. At a time when women were given little access to scientific studies, she pursued a career in physics.

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/womenwhochangedscience/stories/rosalyn-yalow)

9 March

-----------

### 

The Future of Life

Nobel Prize laureates and other experts gather to discuss what it means to be human, now and in the years to come.

[Japanese livestream](https://www.youtube.com/live/-g_vKw-4wrs)

[](/prizes/chemistry/2020/charpentier/)

#### [Emmanuelle Charpentier](/prizes/chemistry/2020/charpentier/ "Emmanuelle Charpentier")

[Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020](/prizes/chemistry/2020/charpentier/) for the development of a method for genome editing.

[](/prizes/medicine/2023/kariko/)

#### [Katalin Karikó](/prizes/medicine/2023/kariko/ "Katalin Karikó")

[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023](/prizes/medicine/2023/kariko/) for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19.

[](/prizes/peace/2021/ressa/)

#### [Maria Ressa](/prizes/peace/2021/ressa/ "Maria Ressa")

[Nobel Peace Prize 2021](/prizes/peace/2021/ressa/) for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace.

[](/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/goldin/)

#### [Claudia Goldin](/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/goldin/ "Claudia Goldin")

[The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2023](/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/goldin/) for having advanced our understanding of women’s labour market outcomes.

[](/prizes/literature/1909/lagerlof/)

#### [Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf](/prizes/literature/1909/lagerlof/ "Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf")

[Nobel Prize in Literature 1909](/prizes/literature/1909/lagerlof/) in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings.

[](/prizes/physics/2020/ghez/)

#### [Andrea Ghez](/prizes/physics/2020/ghez/ "Andrea Ghez")

[Nobel Prize in Physics 2020](/prizes/physics/2020/ghez/) for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy.

[

An icon in the world of modern science

======================================

Marie Curie is the only individual to receive the Nobel Prize in two different science categories.

](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1903/marie-curie/article/)

[Read her story](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1903/marie-curie/article/)

Can you match the right laureate with the right discovery? Have a try!

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/image-pairing-awarded-women/)

Hundreds or thousands of nominations are received for the Nobel Prize every year from members of academies, university professors, scientists, previous Nobel Prize laureates, members of parliamentary assemblies and more.

[Learn more about the nomination process here](https://www.nobelprize.org/frequently-asked-questions/#selects)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/frequently-asked-questions/#selects)

The Nobel Prize medal.

© Nobel Prize Outreach. Photo: Clément Morin.

This year’s Nobel Prize announcements will take place 6–13 October. All announcements will be streamed live here on nobelprize.org.

[See the full schedule](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/about/prize-announcement-dates)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/about/prize-announcement-dates)

Photo: Patrik Lundin/The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences

*   [](/prizes/physics/2024/hopfield/)

    #### [John J. Hopfield](/prizes/physics/2024/hopfield/ "John J. Hopfield")

    [Nobel Prize in Physics 2024](/prizes/physics/2024/hopfield/)

*   [](/prizes/physics/2024/hinton/)

    #### [Geoffrey Hinton](/prizes/physics/2024/hinton/ "Geoffrey Hinton")

    [Nobel Prize in Physics 2024](/prizes/physics/2024/hinton/)

*   [](/prizes/chemistry/2024/baker/)

    #### [David Baker](/prizes/chemistry/2024/baker/ "David Baker")

    [Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024](/prizes/chemistry/2024/baker/)

*   [](/prizes/chemistry/2024/hassabis/)

    #### [Demis Hassabis](/prizes/chemistry/2024/hassabis/ "Demis Hassabis")

    [Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024](/prizes/chemistry/2024/hassabis/)

*   [](/prizes/chemistry/2024/jumper/)

    #### [John Jumper](/prizes/chemistry/2024/jumper/ "John Jumper")

    [Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024](/prizes/chemistry/2024/jumper/)

*   [](/prizes/medicine/2024/ambros/)

    #### [Victor Ambros](/prizes/medicine/2024/ambros/ "Victor Ambros")

    [Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024](/prizes/medicine/2024/ambros/)

*   [](/prizes/medicine/2024/ruvkun/)

    #### [Gary Ruvkun](/prizes/medicine/2024/ruvkun/ "Gary Ruvkun")

    [Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024](/prizes/medicine/2024/ruvkun/)

*   [](/prizes/literature/2024/han/)

    #### [Han Kang](/prizes/literature/2024/han/ "Han Kang")

    [Nobel Prize in Literature 2024](/prizes/literature/2024/han/)

*   [](/prizes/peace/2024/nihon-hidankyo/)

    #### [Nihon Hidankyo](/prizes/peace/2024/nihon-hidankyo/ "Nihon Hidankyo")

    [Nobel Peace Prize 2024](/prizes/peace/2024/nihon-hidankyo/)

*   [](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/acemoglu/)

    #### [Daron Acemoglu](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/acemoglu/ "Daron Acemoglu")

    [The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2024](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/acemoglu/)

*   [](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/johnson/)

    #### [Simon Johnson](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/johnson/ "Simon Johnson")

    [The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2024](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/johnson/)

*   [](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/robinson/)

    #### [James A. Robinson](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/robinson/ "James A. Robinson")

    [The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2024](/prizes/economic-sciences/2024/robinson/)

*   Physics

    This year’s laureates used tools from physics to construct methods that helped lay the foundation for today’s powerful machine learning.

*   Chemistry

    The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 is about proteins, life’s ingenious chemical tools.

*   Physiology or medicine

    Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun discovered microRNA, a new class of tiny RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation.

*   Literature

    The Nobel Prize in Literature 2024 is awarded to the South Korean author Han Kang, “for her intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life.”

*   Peace

    The grassroots movement of atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, also known as Hibakusha, is receiving the Nobel Peace Prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons and for demonstrating through witness testimony that nuclear weapons must never be used again. 

*   Economic sciences

    This year’s laureates have provided new insights into why there are such vast differences in prosperity between nations.

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Sir J. Fraser Stoddart passed away on 30 December 2024, aged 82. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 “for the design and synthesis of molecular machines”.

[Biography](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/stoddart/biographical/)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2016/stoddart/facts/)

Former US President Jimmy Carter passed away on 29 December 2024. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2002 “for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development”.

[Biography](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2002/carter/biographical/)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2002/carter/facts/)

Chemist Martin Karplus passed away on 28 December 2024, aged 94. He was awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry “for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems”.

[Biography](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2013/karplus/biographical/)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2013/karplus/biographical/)

Physicist Leon N. Cooper passed away on 23 October 2024. He was awarded the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics “for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory”.

[Biography](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1972/cooper/biographical/)

[](https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1972/cooper/facts/)

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