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[About ERS](/about-ers)
=======================
ERS anticipates trends and emerging issues in agriculture, food, the environment, and rural America and conducts high-quality, objective economic research to inform and enhance public and private decision making.
* #### [Estimating the Commodity Costs and Returns and Milk Cost of Production Data Series](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111077)
* #### [Agricultural Exchange Rate Data Set](/data-products/agricultural-exchange-rate-data-set)
* #### [Quarterly USDA forecasts for U.S. agricultural trade in fiscal year 2025 are presented and discussed](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111065)
* #### [Irrigation Organizations: Water Measurement and Pricing](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111040)
* ### [Charts of Note](/data-products/charts-of-note)
Fast facts on U.S. agriculture
* ### [Ag and Food Statistics: Charting the Essentials](/data-products/ag-and-food-statistics-charting-the-essentials)
The basics on food, farming, and rural America, in a set of 70 charts and maps.
* ### [Food Access Research Atlas](/data-products/food-access-research-atlas)
Create maps using several options to describe food access.
* ### [Food Environment Atlas](/data-products/food-environment-atlas)
Use this tool to map community access to affordable, healthy food.
* ### [Amber Waves](/amber-waves)
The Economics of Food, Farming, Natural Resources, and Rural America.
* ### [Data Visualizations](/data-products/data-visualizations)
Explore interactive graphs, charts and maps.
* Data
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Access and analyze charts, maps, downloadable data files, and queryable data applications.
[Explore all Data](/data-products)
* ### [State Fact Sheets](/data-products/state-fact-sheets)
The ERS State Fact Sheets provide information on population, income, poverty, food security, education, employment, farm characteristics, farm financial indicators, top commodities, and agricultural exports. Data are available for all States, and for metro/nonmetro breakouts within States (and for Puerto Rico if applicable). Links to county-level data are provided where available.
* ### [Food Price Outlook](/data-products/food-price-outlook)
The Food Price Outlook provides food price data and forecasts changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Producer Price Index (PPI) for food.
* ### [Vegetables and Pulses Data](/data-products/vegetables-and-pulses-data)
Selected Weekly Vegetable Movement and Price describes the change in shipment volume, farm prices, and retail prices of select vegetables for the week noted. Volume and prices reflect weekly marketing and supply chain conditions which can be affected by various factors including pests, weather, imports, exports, retail promotions, and labor disruptions.
* ### [Research Reports](/publications?type=research-reports)
* [Estimating the USDA, Economic Research Service Commodity Costs and Returns and the Milk Cost of Production Estimates Data Series](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111077)
* [Irrigation Organizations: Water Measurement and Pricing](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111040)
* [Aging and Wildfire Risk to Communities](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111028)
* [Understanding Data About the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) in the Circana Consumer Network Panel](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110982)
* [Organic Situation Report, 2025 Edition](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110883)
* ### [Outlook Reports](/publications?type=outlook-reports)
* [Outlook for U.S. Agricultural Trade: February 2025](/publications/pub-details?pubid=111065)
* [Sugar and Sweeteners Outlook: February 2025](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110977)
* [Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry Outlook: February 2025](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110971)
* [USDA Agricultural Projections to 2034](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110965)
* [Oil Crops Outlook: February 2025](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110934)
* ### Research Spotlight
* [Rural America at a Glance: 2024 Edition](/publications/pub-details?pubid=110350)
* [U.S. Organic Production, Markets, Consumers, and Policy, 2000–21](/publications/pub-details?pubid=106015)
* [The Food and Nutrition Assistance Landscape: Fiscal Year 2023 Annual Report](/publications/pub-details?pubid=109313)
* [Recent Farm Bill-Related Research](/topics/farm-bill/2025-farm-bill/recent-farm-bill-related-research)
* [Farm Sector Income & Finances](/topics/farm-economy/farm-sector-income-finances)
Amber Waves
-----------
[Explore All](/amber-waves)
* #### [Peeling Open U.S. Fruit Consumption Trends](/amber-waves/2025/february/peeling-open-us-fruit-consumption-trends)
* #### [Shift in Herbaceous Biomass on Global Rangelands Projected To Affect Meat and Milk Production in Low-Income Countries](/amber-waves/2025/january/shift-in-herbaceous-biomass-on-global-rangelands-projected-to-affect-meat-and-milk-production-in-low-income-countries)
* #### [ERS Data Series Tracks Major Uses of U.S. Land With a Focus on Agriculture](/amber-waves/2024/december/ers-data-series-tracks-major-uses-of-u-s-land-with-a-focus-on-agriculture)
* #### [Pricing of Ethanol Blends at the Pump Differs in the Short Term Compared With the Long Term](/amber-waves/2024/december/pricing-of-ethanol-blends-at-the-pump-differs-in-the-short-term-compared-with-the-long-term)
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