What technologies docs.scipy.org is built with

[](#)

*   [SciPy.org](http://scipy.org/)

Numpy and Scipy Documentation[¶](#numpy-and-scipy-documentation "Permalink to this heading")

============================================================================================

Welcome! This is the documentation for Numpy and Scipy.

**For contributors:**

[Numpy developer guide](numpy/dev/)  

[Scipy developer guide](scipy-dev/reference/dev/)  

**Latest releases:**

[Complete Numpy Manual](numpy/)  

[\[HTML+zip\]](numpy/numpy-html.zip)

[Numpy Reference Guide](numpy/reference/)  

[\[PDF\]](numpy/numpy-ref.pdf)

[Numpy User Guide](numpy/user/)  

[\[PDF\]](numpy/numpy-user.pdf)

[F2Py Guide](numpy/f2py/)  

[SciPy Documentation](scipy/)  

[\[HTML+zip\]](scipy/scipy-html-1.15.1.zip)

**Others:**

*   For newer versions see [https://www.numpy.org/doc](https://www.numpy.org/doc/)

    [Numpy (development version) Reference Guide](https://www.numpy.org/devdocs/reference/)

    [Numpy (development version) User Guide](https://www.numpy.org/devdocs/user/)

    [Numpy 1.17.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.17.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.17.0/numpy-html-1.17.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.17.0/numpy-ref-1.17.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.17.0 User Guide](numpy-1.17.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.17.0/numpy-user-1.17.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.16.1 Reference Guide](numpy-1.16.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.16.1/numpy-html-1.16.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.16.1/numpy-ref-1.16.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.16.1 User Guide](numpy-1.16.1/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.16.1/numpy-user-1.16.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.16.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.16.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.16.0/numpy-html-1.16.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.16.0/numpy-ref-1.16.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.16.0 User Guide](numpy-1.16.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.16.0/numpy-user-1.16.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.15.4 Reference Guide](numpy-1.15.4/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.15.4/numpy-html-1.15.4.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.15.4/numpy-ref-1.15.4.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.15.4 User Guide](numpy-1.15.4/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.15.4/numpy-user-1.15.4.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.15.1 Reference Guide](numpy-1.15.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.15.1/numpy-html-1.15.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.15.1/numpy-ref-1.15.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.15.1 User Guide](numpy-1.15.1/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.15.1/numpy-user-1.15.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.15.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.15.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.15.0/numpy-html-1.15.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.15.0/numpy-ref-1.15.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.15.0 User Guide](numpy-1.15.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.15.0/numpy-user-1.15.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.14.5 Reference Guide](numpy-1.14.5/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.14.5/numpy-html-1.14.5.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.14.5/numpy-ref-1.14.5.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.14.5 User Guide](numpy-1.14.5/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.14.5/numpy-user-1.14.5.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.14.1 Reference Guide](numpy-1.14.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.14.1/numpy-html-1.14.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.14.1/numpy-ref-1.14.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.14.1 User Guide](numpy-1.14.1/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.14.1/numpy-user-1.14.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.14.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.14.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.14.0/numpy-html-1.14.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.14.0/numpy-ref-1.14.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.14.0 User Guide](numpy-1.14.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.14.0/numpy-user-1.14.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.13.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.13.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.13.0/numpy-html-1.13.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.13.0/numpy-ref-1.13.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.13.0 User Guide](numpy-1.13.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.13.0/numpy-user-1.13.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.12.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.12.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.12.0/numpy-html-1.12.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.12.0/numpy-ref-1.12.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.12.0 User Guide](numpy-1.12.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.12.0/numpy-user-1.12.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.11.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.11.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.11.0/numpy-html-1.11.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.11.0/numpy-ref-1.11.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.11.0 User Guide](numpy-1.11.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.11.0/numpy-user-1.11.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.10.4 Reference Guide](numpy-1.10.4/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.10.4/numpy-html-1.10.4.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.10.4/numpy-ref-1.10.4.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.10.4 User Guide](numpy-1.10.4/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.10.4/numpy-user-1.10.4.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.10.1 Reference Guide](numpy-1.10.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.10.1/numpy-html-1.10.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.10.1/numpy-ref-1.10.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.10.1 User Guide](numpy-1.10.1/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.10.1/numpy-user-1.10.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.10.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.10.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.10.0/numpy-html-1.10.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.10.0/numpy-ref-1.10.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.10.0 User Guide](numpy-1.10.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.10.0/numpy-user-1.10.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.3 Reference Guide](numpy-1.9.3/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.9.3/numpy-html-1.9.3.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.3/numpy-ref-1.9.3.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.3 User Guide](numpy-1.9.3/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.3/numpy-user-1.9.3.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.2 Reference Guide](numpy-1.9.2/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.9.2/numpy-html-1.9.2.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.2/numpy-ref-1.9.2.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.2 User Guide](numpy-1.9.2/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.2/numpy-user-1.9.2.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.1 Reference Guide](numpy-1.9.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.9.1/numpy-html-1.9.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.1/numpy-ref-1.9.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.1 User Guide](numpy-1.9.1/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.1/numpy-user-1.9.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.9.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.9.0/numpy-html-1.9.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.0/numpy-ref-1.9.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.9.0 User Guide](numpy-1.9.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.9.0/numpy-user-1.9.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.8.1 Reference Guide](numpy-1.8.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.8.1/numpy-html-1.8.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.8.1/numpy-ref-1.8.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.8.1 User Guide](numpy-1.8.1/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.8.1/numpy-user-1.8.1.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.8.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.8.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.8.0/numpy-html-1.8.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.8.0/numpy-ref-1.8.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.8.0 User Guide](numpy-1.8.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.8.0/numpy-user-1.8.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.7.0 Reference Guide](numpy-1.7.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.7.0/numpy-html-1.7.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.7.0/numpy-ref-1.7.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.7.0 User Guide](numpy-1.7.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.7.0/numpy-user-1.7.0.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.6 Reference Guide](numpy-1.6.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.6.0/numpy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.6.0/numpy-ref.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.6 User Guide](numpy-1.6.0/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.6.0/numpy-user.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.5 Reference Guide](numpy-1.5.x/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.5.x/numpy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.5.x/numpy-ref.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.5 User Guide](numpy-1.5.x/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.5.x/numpy-user.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.4 Reference Guide](numpy-1.4.x/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.4.x/numpy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.4.x/numpy-ref.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.4 User Guide](numpy-1.4.x/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.4.x/numpy-user.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.3 Reference Guide](numpy-1.3.x/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](numpy-1.3.x/numpy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.3.x/numpy-ref.pdf)

    [Numpy 1.3 User Guide](numpy-1.3.x/user/), [\[PDF\]](numpy-1.3.x/numpy-user.pdf)

*   [Scipy (development version) Reference Guide](scipy-dev/reference/)

    [SciPy 1.15.1 Documentation](scipy-1.15.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.15.1/scipy-html-1.15.1.zip)

    [SciPy 1.15.0 Documentation](scipy-1.15.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.15.0/scipy-html-1.15.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.14.1 Documentation](scipy-1.14.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.14.1/scipy-html-1.14.1.zip)

    [SciPy 1.14.0 Documentation](scipy-1.14.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.14.0/scipy-html-1.14.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.13.1 Documentation](scipy-1.13.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.13.1/scipy-html-1.13.1.zip)

    [SciPy 1.13.0 Documentation](scipy-1.13.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.13.0/scipy-html-1.13.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.12.0 Documentation](scipy-1.12.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.12.0/scipy-html-1.12.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.11.4 Documentation](scipy-1.11.4/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.11.4/scipy-html-1.11.4.zip)

    [SciPy 1.11.3 Documentation](scipy-1.11.3/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.11.3/scipy-html-1.11.3.zip)

    [SciPy 1.11.2 Documentation](scipy-1.11.2/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.11.2/scipy-html-1.11.2.zip)

    [SciPy 1.11.1 Documentation](scipy-1.11.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.11.1/scipy-html-1.11.1.zip)

    [SciPy 1.11.0 Documentation](scipy-1.11.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.11.0/scipy-html-1.11.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.10.1 Documentation](scipy-1.10.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.10.1/scipy-html-1.10.1.zip)

    [SciPy 1.10.0 Documentation](scipy-1.10.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.10.0/scipy-html-1.10.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.9.3 Documentation](scipy-1.9.3/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.9.3/scipy-html-1.9.3.zip)

    [SciPy 1.9.2 Documentation](scipy-1.9.2/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.9.2/scipy-html-1.9.2.zip)

    [SciPy 1.9.1 Documentation](scipy-1.9.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.9.1/scipy-html-1.9.1.zip)

    [SciPy 1.9.0 Documentation](scipy-1.9.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.9.0/scipy-html-1.9.0.zip)

    [SciPy 1.8.1 Documentation](scipy-1.8.1/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.8.1/scipy-html-1.8.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.8.1/scipy-ref-1.8.1.pdf)

    [SciPy 1.8.0 Documentation](scipy-1.8.0/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.8.0/scipy-html-1.8.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.8.0/scipy-ref-1.8.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.7.1 Reference Guide](scipy-1.7.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.7.1/scipy-html-1.7.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.7.1/scipy-ref-1.7.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.7.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.7.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.7.0/scipy-html-1.7.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.7.0/scipy-ref-1.7.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.6.3 Reference Guide](scipy-1.6.3/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.6.3/scipy-html-1.6.3.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.6.3/scipy-ref-1.6.3.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.6.2 Reference Guide](scipy-1.6.2/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.6.2/scipy-html-1.6.2.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.6.2/scipy-ref-1.6.2.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.6.1 Reference Guide](scipy-1.6.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.6.1/scipy-html-1.6.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.6.1/scipy-ref-1.6.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.6.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.6.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.6.0/scipy-html-1.6.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.6.0/scipy-ref-1.6.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.5.4 Reference Guide](scipy-1.5.4/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.5.4/scipy-html-1.5.4.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.5.4/scipy-ref-1.5.4.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.5.3 Reference Guide](scipy-1.5.3/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.5.3/scipy-html-1.5.3.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.5.3/scipy-ref-1.5.3.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.5.2 Reference Guide](scipy-1.5.2/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.5.2/scipy-html-1.5.2.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.5.2/scipy-ref-1.5.2.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.5.1 Reference Guide](scipy-1.5.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.5.1/scipy-html-1.5.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.5.1/scipy-ref-1.5.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.5.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.5.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.5.0/scipy-html-1.5.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.5.0/scipy-ref-1.5.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.4.1 Reference Guide](scipy-1.4.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.4.1/scipy-html-1.4.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.4.1/scipy-ref-1.4.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.4.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.4.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.4.0/scipy-html-1.4.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.4.0/scipy-ref-1.4.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.3.3 Reference Guide](scipy-1.3.3/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.3.3/scipy-html-1.3.3.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.3.3/scipy-ref-1.3.3.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.3.2 Reference Guide](scipy-1.3.2/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.3.2/scipy-html-1.3.2.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.3.2/scipy-ref-1.3.2.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.3.1 Reference Guide](scipy-1.3.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.3.1/scipy-html-1.3.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.3.1/scipy-ref-1.3.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.3.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.3.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.3.0/scipy-html-1.3.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.3.0/scipy-ref-1.3.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.2.3 Reference Guide](scipy-1.2.3/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.2.3/scipy-html-1.2.3.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.2.3/scipy-ref-1.2.3.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.2.1 Reference Guide](scipy-1.2.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.2.1/scipy-html-1.2.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.2.1/scipy-ref-1.2.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.2.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.2.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.2.0/scipy-html-1.2.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.2.0/scipy-ref-1.2.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.1.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.1.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.1.0/scipy-html-1.1.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.1.0/scipy-ref-1.1.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 1.0.0 Reference Guide](scipy-1.0.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-1.0.0/scipy-html-1.0.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-1.0.0/scipy-ref-1.0.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.19.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.19.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.19.1/scipy-html-0.19.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.19.1/scipy-ref-0.19.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.19.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.19.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.19.0/scipy-html-0.19.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.19.0/scipy-ref-0.19.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.18.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.18.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.18.1/scipy-html-0.18.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.18.1/scipy-ref-0.18.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.18.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.18.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.18.0/scipy-html-0.18.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.18.0/scipy-ref-0.18.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.17.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.17.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.17.1/scipy-html-0.17.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.17.1/scipy-ref-0.17.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.17.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.17.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.17.0/scipy-html-0.17.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.17.0/scipy-ref-0.17.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.16.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.16.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.16.1/scipy-html-0.16.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.16.1/scipy-ref-0.16.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.16.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.16.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.16.0/scipy-html-0.16.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.16.0/scipy-ref-0.16.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.15.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.15.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.15.1/scipy-html-0.15.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.15.1/scipy-ref-0.15.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.15.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.15.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.15.0/scipy-html-0.15.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.15.0/scipy-ref-0.15.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.14.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.14.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.14.1/scipy-html-0.14.1.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.14.1/scipy-ref-0.14.1.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.14.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.14.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.14.0/scipy-html-0.14.0.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.14.0/scipy-ref-0.14.0.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.13.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.13.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.13.0/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.13.0/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.12.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.12.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.12.0/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.12.0/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.11.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.11.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.11.0/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.11.0/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.10.1 Reference Guide](scipy-0.10.1/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.10.1/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.10.1/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.10.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.10.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.10.0/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.10.0/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.9.0 Reference Guide](scipy-0.9.0/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.9.0/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.9.0/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.8 Reference Guide](scipy-0.8.x/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.8.x/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.8.x/scipy-ref.pdf)

    [Scipy 0.7 Reference Guide](scipy-0.7.x/reference/), [\[HTML+zip\]](scipy-0.7.x/scipy-html.zip), [\[PDF\]](scipy-0.7.x/scipy-ref.pdf)

**Original Numpy documentation:**

[Guide to Numpy](_static/numpybook.pdf)  

PDF book by Travis Oliphant (2006, free)

[Guide to Numpy: 2nd Edition](https://www.amazon.com/Guide-NumPy-Travis-Oliphant-PhD/dp/151730007X/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1524109841&sr=1-1&keywords=guide+to+numpy)  

Amazon link, paperback/ebook (2015)

*   See also:

*   [Mailing Lists](http://www.scipy.org/scipylib/mailing-lists.html)

*   [Q & A (on stackoverflow.com)](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/scipy+or+numpy)

*   [Scipy Lecture Notes](http://scipy-lectures.org/)

*   © Copyright 2025 SciPy developers.

*   Created using [Sphinx](http://sphinx.pocoo.org/) 6.2.1.
🏳️Numpy and Scipy Documentation — Numpy and Scipy documentation

docs.scipy.org
